When talking about music, every sound has a note: even your voice. I speak in sol; my friend, in mi; even the drums sound different because they are tuned in different tensions. That being said, the first thing you must know about the musical notes is that they are not seven but twelve. Here you have the list of seven you sure know...
Do – Re – Mi – Fa – Sol – La – Ti
...and here you have the other five...
Sharp do – Sharp re – Sharp fa – Sharp sol – Sharp la
which are also called...
Flat re – Flat mi – Flat sol – Flat la – Flat ti
Why are there sharp and flat sounds? Because, in music, you use sharp notes when notes are increasing their pitch, becoming more acute. Flat notes indicate that the notes are reducing their pitch and becoming less acute. Should you want some more information about this, please, click the link.
The musical notes are usually represented by symbols on a staff (we'll talk about it in another article) or by a notation of letters and symbols. Here you have it:
La = A
Ti = B
Do = C
Re = D
Mi = E
Fa = F
Sol = G
Sharp = #
Flat = b
In addition, the space between a musical note and another equal, yet more or less acute, is known as octave. Thus, a complete octave of musical notes is composed of...
C – C# – D – D# - E – F – F# – G – G# – A – A# – B – C
or
C – Db – D – Eb – E – F – Gb – G – Ab – A – Bb – B – C
...which name the same twelve sounds.
With some musical notes you estructure scales and chords. Music, songs, to say it more properly, are composed of notes and chords played with rhythm; but also of spaces in silence, called rests, which are used to express some other sensations.
Don't forget that music is art, and as such, it expresses a number of things.
Heptagrama, the web summed up.
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Arts and expression + Music